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Welcome to everyone reading through the New Testament in 2007. Each day, there will be a new post for the day's reading. You are invited to share your thoughts about what you've read, by adding comments to that post.

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Monday, January 01, 2007

Word of the Day Archive - May -- July.

This post has all the words of the day from May through July. Format is: word (verse word is in) - original language word (Strongs #), followed by definitions. A Strongs # is an arbitrary but common way to identify words from Greek and Hebrew so they can be referenced, without fully knowing the original language.

good (Matthew 19:16) - agathos (18) -
  • good; useful, satisfactory for one's purpose, fitting, beneficial.
  • in a moral sense upright, just; kind, generous; perfect, inherently good (of God).
  • positive moral qualities of the most general nature.
wages (Matthew 20:8) - misthos (3408) -
  • wages, hire.
  • pay, wages; reward, recompense, gain; retribution, punishment.
  • (derivative of 'to hire') the amount offered for services or paid for work done.
  • reward, recompense (may be either positive or negative as in benefit and penalty).
people (Matthew 21:43)
Gentiles (Romans 1:5) - ethnos (1484) -
  • a race, a nation, pl. the nations (as distinct from Israel).
  • nation, people.
  • the largest unit into which the people of the world are divided on the basis of their constituting a socio-political community.
  • (classical Greek) a group with common customs, a clan; and then crowd, people.
love (Matthew 22:37) - agapao (25) -
  • to love (one of several Greek words translated as love).
  • love (primarily of Christian love); show or prove one's love; place first in one's affections.
  • to have love for someone or something, based on sincere appreciation and high regard.
  • (Vine's) "Christian love, whether exercised toward the brethren, or toward men generally, is not an impulse from the feelings, it does not always run with the natural inclinations, nor does it spend itself only upon those for whom some affinity is discovered."
hypocrites (Matthew 23:11) - hupokrites (5273) -
  • one who answers, an actor, a hypocrite.
  • one who pretends to be other than what he is; pretender.
  • to give an impression of having certain purposes and motivations, while in reality having quite different ones.
keep watch (Matthew 24:42) - gregoreo (1127) -
  • be or keep awake; watch, be alert; be alive.
  • to remain awake because of the need to continued alert.
  • to be in continuous readiness and alertness to learn.
  • to remain fully alive and alert.
delivered up (Matthew 26:22) - paradidomi (3680) -
  • to hand over, to give or deliver over, to betray.
  • hand or give over, deliver up (be arrested); betray, deliver (to death); deliver, entrust, commit, give.
  • to hand over to or to convey something to someone, particularly a right or an authority.
  • to deliver a person into the control of someone else, involving either the handing over of a presumably guilty person for punishment by authorities or the handing over of an individual to an enemy who will presumably take undue advantage of the victim.
(used 9 times in Matthew 26)

remorse (Matthew 27:3) - metamelomai (3338) -
  • to regret, be sorry; repent, change one's mind.
  • to feel regret as the result of what one has done.
  • to change one's mind about something, with the probably implication of regret.
age (Matthew 28:20) - aion (165) -
  • continued duration; a space of time, an age.
  • age; world order; eternity.
  • a unit of time as a particular stage or period of history - age, era.
  • pertaining to an unlimited duration of time - eternal.
kindness (Romans 2:4) - chrestos (5543) -
  • serviceable, good.
  • kind, loving, good, merciful (kindness).
  • pertaining to being superior for a particular purpose - 'fine, better.'
  • pertaining to being useful and benevolent - 'good, useful, suitable.'
  • pertaining to being kind - 'kind, gracious.'
forbearance (v.3:25) - anoche (463) -
  • a delaying, forbearance, tolerance.
  • to be patient with, in the sense of enduring possible difficulty.
  • of God's forbearance: His refraining, holding back, abstaining and controlling His justice.
  • of God's long-suffereing: His suffering a long time, being patient and slow in judging sin.
righteousness (Romans 4:3,5,6,9,11,13,22) - dikaiosune (463) -
  • righteousness, justice.
  • what God requires; what is right, righteousness, uprightness, justice; righting wrong.
  • (God's) putting (man) in a right relationship (with Himself).
  • to cause someone to be in a proper or right relationship with someone else - 'to put right with'.
powerless (Romans 5:6) - asthenes (772) -
  • without strength, weak.
  • sick; weak; delicate (of parts of the body); helpless.
  • pertaining to a state of limited capacity to do or be something.
  • pertaining to being morally weak and hence incapable of doing good.
  • pertaining to a state of helplessness in view of circumstances.
sinful nature (Romans 7:5,18,25) - sarx (4561) -
  • flesh.
  • flesh, physical body; human nature, earthly descent; one's lower nature, sinful human nature.
  • the flesh of both animals and human beings.
  • a living body.
  • (figurative extension of flesh): humans as physical beings.
  • human nature, particularly in reference to the physical aspect of human life.
  • the psychological aspect of human nature which contrasts with the spiritual nature.
(hook's note: where a word has so many potential meanings, remember that context is king.)

condemnation (Romans 8:1) - katakrima (2631) -
  • penalty.
  • condemnation.
  • the flesh of both animals and human beings.
  • to judge someone as definitely guilty and thus subject to punishment.
election (Romans 9:11) - ekloge (1589) -
  • a (divine) selection.
  • election, choosing; what is selected or chosen.
  • to make a special choice based upon significant preference, often implying a strongly favorable attitude toward what is chosen.
  • that which has been chosen.
saved (Romans 10:9) - sozo (4982) -
  • to save.
  • save (of Christian salvation); save, rescue, deliver; keep safe, preserve; cure, make well.
  • to rescue from danger and to restore to a forme state of safety and well being.
  • to cause someone to experience divine salvation.
  • to cause someone to become well again after having been sick.
envious (Romans 11:11) - parazeloo (3863) -
  • to provoke to jealousy.
  • make jealous.
  • to cause someone to feel strong jealousy or resentment against someone - 'to make jealous, to cause to be envious'.
conform (Romans 12:2) - suschematizo (4964) -
  • (to assume a certain form, figure); to conform to.
  • be conformed to, be shaped by, live after the pattern of.
  • to form or mold one's behavior in accordance with a particular pattern or set of standards - 'to shape one's behavior'.

transformed (Romans 12:2) - metamorphoo (3339) -
  • to transform.
  • be changed in form, be transformed.
  • to change the essential form or nature of something - 'to become, to change, to be changed into'.
debt (Romans 13:8) - opheilo (3784) -
  • to owe.
  • owe; ought, must, be bound or obligated.
  • to be under obligation to make a payment as the result of having previously received something of value - 'to owe, to be in debt'.
  • to be necessary or indispensable, with the implication of a contingency - 'must, have to, it is necessary'.
  • to be obligatory in view of some moral or legal requirement - 'ought, to be under obligation'.
judge (Romans 14:4) - krino (2919) -
  • to judge, decide.
  • pass judgment on; condemn; decide, determine; consider, regard, think; prefer.
  • to come to a conclusion in the process of thinking and thus be in a position to make a decision.
  • to judge something to be better than something else, and hence, to prefer.
  • to make a judgment based upon the correctness or value of something.
  • to judge a person to be guilty and liable to punishment.
  • to hold a view or have an opinion with regard to something.
  • to decide a question of legal right or wrong, and thus determine the innocence or guilt of the accused and assign appropriate punishment or retribution.
strong (Romans 15:1) - dunatos (1415) -
  • strong, mighty, powerful.
  • possible; strong, powerful; able, capable of; influential, leading; person of strong faith or conscience.
  • pertaining to being possible, with the implication of power or ability to alter or control circumstances.
  • pertaining to having the ability to perform some function.
  • pertaining to have special competence in performing some function.
  • important persons, based upon their power or influence.
fellow workers (Romans 16:3,8,21) - sunergos (4904) -
  • a fellow worker.
  • one who works together with someone else.
... said of Priscilla and Aquila, Urbanus, and Timothy.

been in prison (Romans 16:7) - sunaichmalotos (4869) -
  • a fellow prisoner.
  • one who has been arrested and imprisoned along with someone else.
... said of Andronicus and Junias (or Junia).

dear friend or "whom I love" (Romans 16:5,8,12) - agapetos (27) -
  • beloved.
  • beloved, dear(est); only.
  • pertaining to one who or that which is loved.
  • pertaining to one who is the only one of his or her class, but at the same.
... said of Epenetus, Ampliatus, Stachys, and Persis.

praise (Ephesians 1:6,12,14) - epaino (4904) -
  • praise.
  • praise, commendation, approval; a praiseworthy thing.
  • to speak of the excellence of a person, object, or event.
  • that which is worthy of or deserves praise.
bonus: worship - (from Louie Giglio)
Worship is our response, both personal and corporate, to God, for who He is and what He has done, expressed in and by the things we say and the way we live.
servant (Ephesians 3:7) - diakonos (1249) -
  • a servant, minister.
  • male and female servant; helper, minister; deacon; deaconess.
  • a person who renders service.
  • one who serves as a deacon, with responsibility to care for the needs of believers.

(note that Paul refers to himself as a "diakonos" in Ephesians, and to Phoebe in the same way in Romans 16)

worthy (Ephesians 4:1) - axios (516) -
  • worthily.
  • in a manner worthy of or suitable to.
  • pertaining to having a relatively high degree of comparable merit or worth.
  • pertaining to being fitting or proper in corresponding to what should be expected.
walk (Ephesians 5:2,8,15) - peripateo (4043) -
  • to walk.
  • walk, go or move about; live, conduct oneself.
  • to walk along or around.
  • to live or behave in a customary manner, with possible focus upon continuity of action.
  • (idioms, literally ‘to walk in the tracks’ and ‘to follow in the tracks’) to behave in the same manner as someone else.
stand (Ephesians 6:11,13-14) - histemi (2476) -
  • to make to stand, to stand.
  • set, place, put; establish, set up , make stand.
  • stand; stop, stand still; stand firm, hold one's own ground, be moored.
  • to be in a standing position.
  • to assume a standing position.
  • to continue to exist, with the probably implication of some resistance involved.
  • to continue firmly or well-established in a particular state.
conduct yourselves (Philippians 1:27) - politeuomai (4176) -
  • to live as a citizen.
  • live, conduct one's life.
  • to conduct oneself with proper reference to one’s obligations in relationship to others, as part of some community - ‘to live, to conduct one’s life, to live in relation to others.’
very nature (Philippians 2:6) - morphe (3444) -
  • form, shape.
  • nature, form.
  • the nature or character of something, with emphasis upon both the internal and external form - 'nature, character.'
  • a visual form of something.
  • nature, form, appearance, model. It means the permanent, constant being of a person. It is the very essence of a person, that part of him that never changes. It is the unchangeable being.
made [himself] nothing (Philippians 2:7) - kenoo (2758) -
  • to empty.
  • deprive of power, make of no meaing or effect.
  • to completely remove or eliminate elements of high status or rank by eliminating all privileges or prerogatives associated with such status or rank - 'to divest oneself of position.'
knowing (Philippians 3:8) - gnosis (1108) -
  • a knowing, knowledge.
  • to possess information about, be acquainted with.
  • the content of what is known (may imply a process of communication to acquire information).
  • esoteric knowledge.
  • to come to an understanding as the result of ability to experience and learn.
Two notes: this is the Greek word from which the name of the heresy we looked at last week comes from -- gnosticism, because the adherents relied on "secret" or "esoteric" knowledge; it's the same word used for sexual intercourse, an implication of knowing well, not just head knowledge.

In the passage in Philippians, this knowledge is the deep knowledge of relationship with Christ.

think about (Philippians 4:8) - logizomai (3049) -
  • (in the sense of an account or reckoning); to reckon, to consider.
  • count, reckon, calculate, take into account; credit, place to one’s account; consider, think, suppose; evaluate, look upon as, class; maintain, claim; think on, reflect upon.
  • to think about something in a detailed and logical manner - 'to think about, to reason about, to ponder.'
pray (Colossians 1:9) - proseuchomai (4336) -
  • to pray.
  • to speak to or to make requests of God.
from pros + euchomai
pros
(4314) - advantageous for, at, toward.
euchomai (2712) - to pray.

deceive (Colossians 2:4) - paralogizomai (3884) -
  • to miscalculate, to reason falsely.
  • deceive, lead astray.
  • to deceive by arguments or false reasons.
compassion (Colossians 3:12) - splagchnon + oiktirmos
splagchnon
(4698) -
  • the inward parts (heart, liver, lungs, etc.), fig. the emotions.
  • one's inmost self or feelings, heart; affection, love.
  • the inner parts of the body, especially the intestines.
  • the psychological faculty of desire, intent, and feeling.
oiktirmos (3628) -
  • compassion, mercy, pity.
  • to show mercy and concern, with the implication of sensitivity and compassion.
devote (Colossians 4:2) -prokartereo (4342) -
  • to attend constantly.
  • devote oneself to, continue in; keep close company with.
  • to continue to do something with intense effort, with the possible implication of despite difficulty.
  • to associate closely and continuously with.
sharing (Philemon 6) - koinonia (4342) -
  • fellowship.
  • fellowship, a close mutual relationship; participation, sharing in; partnership; contribution, gift.
  • an association involving close mutual relations and involvement.
  • to share one's possessions, with the implication of some kind of joint participation and mutual interest.
  • that which is readily shared - 'willing gift, ready contribution.'
certainty (Luke 1:4) - asphaleia (803) -
  • certainty, security.
  • security, safety; accurate information, full truth.
  • a state fo safety and security, implying a complete lack of danger.
  • a state of certainty with regard to a belief - 'certainty, being without doubt.'
NASB translates this word as "exact truth".

consolation (Luke 2:25) - paraklesis (3874) -
  • a calling to one's aid, i.e. encouragement, comfort.
  • encouragement, help; comfort, appeal, request; salvation, setting free.
  • to cause someone to be encouraged or consoled, either by verbal or non-verbal means.
  • to ask for something earnestly and with propriety.
Spirit (Luke 3:16,22) - pneuma (4151) -
  • wind, spirit.
  • Spirit (of God); spirit, inner life, self; disposition, state of mind; breath; ghost, apparition.
  • a title for the third person of the Trinity, literally 'spirit') - 'Spirit, Spirit of God, Holy Spirit.'
  • to ask for something earnestly and with propriety.
Notes: Different languages, cultures, and religious thinking influence how to translate this word. Here are some examples of what works in different circumstances: 'the unseen one', 'the invisibleness of God', 'breath', 'shadow'. At other times, the Holy Spirit is named by phrases explaining something of the nature and activity of the Spirit: 'Spirit of God', 'the Eternal Spirit', and 'the Spirit of Truth'.

amazed (Luke 4:22) - thaumazo (2296) -
  • to marvel, wonder.
  • marvel, wonder, be amazed.
  • to wonder or marvel at some event or object.
amazed (Luke 5:26) - ekstasis (1611) -
  • a displacement (of the mind), i.e. bewilderment, ecstasy.
  • amazement, trance, vision.
  • a state of intense amazement, to the point of being beside oneself with astonishment.
Lord (Luke 6:5,46) - kurios (2962) -
  • (authority); lord, master.
  • Lord (of God and Christ); master, lord, owner; sir (of address).
  • (a title for God and for Christ) one who exercises supernatural authority over mankind.
  • one who owns and controls property, including especially servants and slaves, with important supplementary semantic components of high status and respect.
pay back (Luke 7:42) - apodidomi (591) -
  • to give up, give back, return, restore.
  • give; pay, render; give account.
  • to make a payment with the implication of such a payment being in response to an incurred obligation.
  • to recompense someone, whether positively or negatively, depending upon what the individual deserves.
commanded (Luke 8:29) - paraggello (3853) -
  • to transmit a message, to order.
  • command, order, give strict orders.
  • to announce what must be done.
come after (Luke 9:23) -
come - erchomai (2064)
  • to come, go.
  • to move from one place to another, either coming or going.
  • to move toward or up to the reference point of the viewpoint character or event.
after - opiso (3694)
  • back, behind, after.
  • after (after erchomai or related verbs often follow, be a disciple).
  • a position behind an object or other position.
  • marker of one who is followed as a leader.
woe (Luke 10:13) - ouai (3759) -
  • alas! woe! (an expression of grief or denunciation).
  • (interj.) how horrible it will be!
  • (noun) horror, disaster, calamity.
  • a state of intense hardship or distress.
hypocrite (Luke 13:15) - hupokrites (5273) -
  • one who answers, an actor, a hypocrite.
  • one who pretends to be other than what he is.
  • pretender, one who acts hypocritically.
kingdom (Luke 14:15) - basileia (932) -
  • kingdom, sovereignty, royal power.
  • reign, rule; kingdom, domain.
  • to rule as a king, with the implication of complete authority and the possibility of being able to pass on the right to rule to one's son or near kin.
  • an area or district ruled by a king.
sinners (Luke 15:1,2) - hamartolos (268) -
  • sinful.
  • pertaining to sinful behavior.
  • a person who customarily sins - 'sinner, outcast.' In contexts such as Luke 15:1,2 may refer to persons who were irreligious in the sense of having no concern for observing the details of the Law. Such people were often treated as social outcasts.
manager (Luke 16:1) - oikonomos (3623) -
  • the manager of a household.
  • steward, manager; treasurer (of a city); trustee.
  • one who is in charge of running a household - 'manager of a household, steward.'
  • one who has the authority and responsibility for something.
things that cause people to sin (Luke 17:1) - skandalon (4625) -
  • a stick for bait (of a trap), generally a snare, a stumbling block, an offense.
  • that which causes sin or gives occasion for sin; that which causes stumbling or trouble, obstacle.
  • a trap, probably of the type which has a stick which when touched by an animal causes the trap to shut.
  • that which causes offense and thus arouses opposition.
should (Luke 18:1) - dei (1162) -
  • it is necessary.
  • be necessary, must; should, ought; be proper.
  • to be that which must necessarily take place, often with the implication of inevitablity.
  • to be something which should be done as the result of compulsion, whether internal (as a matter of duty) or external (law, custom, and circumstances).
mutter (Luke 19:7) - diagogguzo (1234) -
  • to murmur among themselves.
  • complain, grumble.
  • to express discontent in an emphatic way.
dared (Luke 20:40) - tolmao (5111) -
  • to have courage, to be bold.
  • dare, be brave or bold enough; take upon oneself (to do something).
  • to be so bold as to challenge or defy possible danger or opposition.
death (Luke 21:16) - thanatoo (2289) -
  • to put to death.
  • kill, put to death; put in danger of death.
  • to deprive a person of life, with the implication of this being the result by legal or quasi-legal procedures.
perish (Luke 21:18) - apollumi (622) -
  • to destroy, destroy utterly.
  • destroy; kill; lose; be lost, perish, be ruined; die; pass away.
  • to destroy or cause the destruction of persons, objects or institutions.
  • to lose something which one already possesses.
desired (Luke 22:15) - epithumeo (1937) -
  • desire, lust after.
  • long for, desire; covet; lust for.
  • to greatly desire to do or have something.
Christ (Luke 23:2) - Christos (5547) -
  • the Anointed One, Messiah, Christ.
  • ('one who has been anointed') in the NT, titles for Jesus as the Messiah.
  • (Greek translation of the Hebrew and Aramaic word 'Messiah') a proper name for Jesus.
recognized (Luke 24:16,31) - epiginosko (1921) -
  • to know exactly, to recognize.
  • know, perceive, understand; recognize, acknowledge; find out, learn; know well.
  • to possess more or less definite information about, possibly with a degree of thoroughness or competence.
  • to come to an understanding as the result of ability to experience and learn.
  • to identify newly acquired information with what had been previously learned or known.
wisdom (1 Corinthians 1:17,19-22,24,30) - sophia (4678) -
  • skill, wisdom.
  • wisdom, insight, intelligence, knowledge; Wisdom (of God).
  • the capacity to understand, and, as a result, to act wisely.
  • the content of what is know by those regarded as wise.
  • knowledge which makes possible skillful activity or performance.

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